非织造材料与工程专业英语词汇（F）——非织造论坛整理发布，第一无纺布网！

非织造材料与工程专业英语词汇（F）——非织造论坛整理发布，第一无纺布网！

F

Fabric
A sheet structure made from fibres, filaments or yarns.

Facing

An outer covering of a product that during use is exposed or is placed against the body.

Fancy

In carding, prepares the fibres for transfer from the main cylinder to the doffer.

Fancy stripper
Cleans the fancy.

Feeder fan
A fan system that is used to feed a mixture of air and fibre, often in controlled quantities, into the web forming process.

Feed lattice
An open, slatted conveyor normally used in drylaid nonwovens to feed fibre into the process or to convey the fleece within the process.

Feed rolls
Top and bottom rolls in carding that receive the fibres from the opening and blending stages of the plant.

Felt
A sheet of matted fibres, most often wool or fur, bonded together by a chemical process, and the
application of moisture, heat, and pressure (see also NEEDLEFELT).

Fibre
The basic threadlike structure from which nonwovens, yarns and textiles are made. It differs from a particle by having a length at least 100 times its width.

Natural fibres
are either of animal (wool, silk), vegetable (cotton, flax, jute) or mineral (asbestos) origin.

Man-made fibres
may be either polymers synthesised from chemical compounds (polyester, polypropylene, nylon, acrylic etc.) modified natural polymers (rayon, acetate) or mineral (glass) (See also FILAMENT).

Fibre distribution
In a web, the orientation (random or parallel) of fibres and the uniformity of their arrangement.

Fibrefill
Low density fibre constructions, used as filling and cushioning, for products like pillows, bras and quilts.

Fibrid
A fibre having a lower melting point than the matrix fibre which can ultimately be melted to act as a local binder/enforcement system.

Fibrillate
To break up a plastic sheet into a fibrous web, or to break up fibres into smaller fibres.

Filament
A fibre of indefinite length (see CONTINUOUS FILAMENT).

Filler
A non-fibrous additive used in a fibre, binder or a film, to increase weight, replace more expensive polymer, or to change lustre, or opacity etc.

Filter fabric
A material used to separate particles from their suspension in air or liquids.

Finish
Substance added to fibres and webs in a posttreatment, to change their properties. Examples are spin finishes (lubricants) and flame retardants.

Finishing
See AFTER TREATMENT.

Flame retardency
The ability of a material to resist ignition and the propagation of a flame. Flame resistance is the ability to burn slowly or to self-extinguish after the ignition source is removed.

Flammability tests
Procedures used to determine the flame resistance and flame retardancy of materials.

Flashspinning
Modified spinlaying method in which a solution of a polymer is extruded under conditions where, on emerging from the spinneret, solvent evaporation occurs so rapidly that the individual filaments are disrupted into a highly fibrillar form. These fibres are then deposited on a moving screen to form a web.

Flashspun
A web of fibres produced according to the flash spinning method.

Flashspun nonwoven
Web of fibres produced by the flash spinning method and bonded by one or more techniques to provide fabric integrity.

Flexibility
1) The ability to be flexed or bowed repeatedly without rupturing.

2) A term relating to the hand of a fabric, referring to the ease of bending, and ranging from pliable (high) to stiff (low).

Flexural rigidity
A measure of the resistance of materials to bending by external forces. It is related to stiffness.

Flocking
A method of applying a velvet-like surface to a material by dusting, or electrostatically attracting, short fibres onto an adhesively coated surface. The short fibres are made by special cutting or grinding techniques.

Fluff pulp
Wood pulp specially prepared to be dry defibred.

Foam
A bubbled structure made by dispersing a gas in a liquid or solid. Mass of small bubbles formed in a liquid by agitation.

Foam bonding
Binding fibres in a web to form a fabric by applying adhesive in the form of a foam whose bubbles break quickly after being applied.

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